By now, most Americans are familiar with the threats of Ultraviolet (UV) light to your skin, (such as sunburn and skin cancer) and the need for using sunblock and avoiding direct contact with the sun during outdoor activities. What is less known is that ultraviolet rays and other harmful types of radiation from the sun are also a danger to your eyes.
If you often go out without proper eye protection, think about this: Extended exposure to the sun's ultraviolet radiation has been linked to damage to the eye.
UV Risks to Vision
Exposure to large quantities of UV for a short interval is known to lead to photokeratitis or a ''sunburn on the eye'', which results in pain, blurry vision or even temporary vision loss. Long-term ultraviolet exposure can result in more threatening eye diseases including cataracts, macular degeneration, and others, all of which can cause loss of sight. Just like the real sun, tanning beds present a serious threat of overexposure to UV.
UV Eye Protection
To protect your eyes from harmful UV rays, you should be careful to select sunglasses that keep out 100 percent of ultraviolet radiation. Look for shades that specify they are ''UV 400'', which means that they block all light rays with wavelengths up to 400 nanometers (which includes both UVA and UVB rays, both known to enter the atmosphere).
The size of your sunglasses is also important. Wraparound sunglasses can prevent dangerous UV rays from coming in through the sides and back of the frame.
People whose work or recreation involves extensive exposure to sunlight are at the most risk for damage to their eyes. Ultraviolet radiation can be bounced off of surfaces such as snow, water, and white sand and presents the greatest threat from 10 am to 3 pm and during the summer months. UV radiation levels increase as you get closer to the equator and at high altitudes. Every individual should consult with an eye care professional and to be aware of the risks for UV exposure. Simply wearing your sunglasses can make a world of difference for your precious eyes.
